Understanding Surrogacy: A Complete Medical and Legal Guide

Surrogacy is one of the most advanced infertility treatments. It offers hope to couples struggling with infertility by allowing them to become parents through the help of a surrogate mother. In this process, an embryo created via in vitro fertilization (IVF) is transferred to the uterus of a surrogate, who carries the pregnancy to term.

Surrogacy requires careful medical attention, legal protection, and emotional support. This guide provides a complete overview of the surrogacy process, including medical requirements, risks, legal aspects, and lifestyle recommendations for surrogate mothers.

Read on to learn more.

Requirements of a Surrogate Mother

Common surrogate mother requirements may include:

• Age between 21 and 42 years old;
• At least one successful full-term delivery;
• Good overall physical and mental health;
• No history of severe medical conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, epilepsy, HIV, or other chronic diseases.

Medical Care During Surrogate Pregnancy

Once the embryo transfer is complete, the surrogate must undergo regular prenatal care and close medical monitoring, including:

• Undergoing regular health check-ups (blood pressure, weight, blood sugar, urine tests);
• Performing ultrasound scans every trimester to check the baby’s growth and detect abnormalities;
• Taking supplements such as folic acid, vitamin D, calcium, and IVF-related medications;
• Monitoring warning signs such as bleeding, severe abdominal pain, or reduced fetal movement.

Lifestyle, Nutrition and Diet of Surrogate Mothers

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial during a surrogate pregnancy. Key recommendations are as follows:

• Manage weight and gain 10–14 kg gradually throughout pregnancy;
• Consume 70–80 grams of protein daily;
• Eat a balanced surrogacy diet including fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and fiber-rich foods;
• Avoid unhealthy processed, fried, and sugary foods;
• Take at least 400 mcg of folic acid daily;
• Get 8+ hours of quality sleep;
• Engage in light exercise (walking, prenatal yoga with medical approval).
• Avoid smoking, alcohol, drugs, and exposure to infections.

Risks and Complications of Surrogacy

While generally safe, surrogacy carries slightly higher risks than natural pregnancies, such as:

• Gestational diabetes;
• Preeclampsia (high blood pressure);
• Preterm delivery (before week 37);
• Postpartum hemorrhage (heavy bleeding after delivery).

Emotional and Psychological Support for Surrogate Mothers

Surrogacy is not only a medical journey but also an emotional one. Surrogate mothers may face challenges such as stress, attachment to the baby, and social stigma.

Psychological support options for surrogate mothers include:

• Professional counseling throughout pregnancy;
• Stress management and coping strategies for post-birth separation;
• Support from family, friends, and intended parents to reduce isolation.

Read more: Surrogate Mother Mental Health

Legal Aspects of Surrogacy

As surrogacy involves multiple parties, a legally binding surrogacy contract is essential. This agreement protects the rights of both the surrogate and intended parents.

The surrogacy contract should define:

• Financial responsibilities (medical costs, reimbursements, or compensation).
• Medical decisions and emergency care authority.
• Parental rights and conflict resolution methods.



Surrogacy in Iran: An Affordable and Reliable Option

Iran has become one of the leading destinations for infertility treatments, including surrogacy. The country is well-known for its highly qualified infertility specialists, advanced IVF clinics, and affordable medical services compared to Western countries.

Key advantages of choosing surrogacy in Iran include:

• Affordable Costs: The cost of surrogacy in Iran is significantly affordable than in the US, UK, or Europe, making it accessible for international patients;
• Skilled Iranian Infertility Doctors and Clinics: Iranian fertility centers are equipped with modern technology and staffed by experienced reproductive specialists;
• Legal Framework: Surrogacy law in Iran is clear and regulated, ensuring protection for both intended parents and surrogate mothers;
• High Success Rates: Clinics in Iran report strong IVF and surrogacy success rates thanks to advanced medical care.

Conclusion

Surrogacy is a life-changing opportunity that gives hope to couples who cannot conceive naturally. With proper medical care, a healthy lifestyle, emotional support, and a legally binding surrogacy contract, the process can be safe and successful.

For those exploring international surrogacy, Iran stands out as one of the best countries for surrogacy, offering expert medical care, affordable treatment, and strong legal protections.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. How often should the surrogate visit her OB during pregnancy?

Up to week 28, every 4 weeks; after that, every 2 weeks until delivery.

2. Is psychological counseling mandatory during surrogacy?

It depends on the contract, but counseling is highly recommended to help manage stress, depression, and emotional challenges.

3. Can a surrogacy contract be canceled during pregnancy?

Generally, no. Termination is only possible by mutual agreement under rare circumstances.

4. Who should pay for the medical expenses during surrogacy?

In most cases, the intended parents cover all surrogacy costs, as clearly stated in the contract.