The level of LH in the blood depends on the time of the menstrual cycle, age, and general health of the patient. High levels of LH can be a sign of ovarian disorder, PCOS, menopause, an autoimmune disorder, or hypothalamus insufficiency. A low amount of LH in the blood also indicates pituitary gland disorders, malnutrition, or a hypothalamus disorder.
Avoiding strenuous activities, getting enough rest, following a balanced diet, and wearing a compression bra after breast reduction surgery reduce the discomfort and swelling and help achieve greater results. Wearing a compression bra for at least six weeks after the reduction mammoplasty is recommended.
The extent of cuts in breast reduction surgery depends on the objective of the operation and the patient's skin type. The scars of reduction mammoplasty get pale over time; however, some of them linger for a year or more unless the patient gets help from anti-scar products and invasive treatments like chemical peeling and laser therapy.
In most cases, grade 1 varicocele does not require surgical treatment, but if left untreated, it may affect sperm production and quality. Men dealing with grade 1 varicocele can improve their condition by changing their lifestyle, taking prescribed medications, and, in more serious cases, undergoing microscopic varicocelectomy.
Some people use PGD to select the gender of their baby in order to balance their family, avoid gender-related genetic disorders, and increase the chance of conceiving. In IUI sex selection, the doctor examines sperms in the laboratory to find and transfer the ones with preferred chromosomes (XX or XY). The success rate of sex selection with IUI depends on the mother's age, but generally, it ranges from %2 to %20.
FSH test measures the level of follicle-stimulating hormone in blood to detect early puberty and the cause of infertility, like low sperm count and missing ovulation. The normal range of FSH in men is 1.24 to 16.4 IU/L. In women, the normal amount of FSH depends on the stage of the menstrual cycle at the time of the test.
Recovery after open varicocele surgery takes 4 to 6 weeks, while it takes nearly 2 to 4 weeks to recover from laparoscopic varicocelectomy. At this time, you need to maintain good hygiene and take antibiotics to prevent infection, use ice compress to eliminate bruising and swelling, avoid heavy activities, etc.
Ectopic pregnancy is a dangerous situation as it can cause permanent damage to the fallopian tube(s) and jeopardize the mother's life. Severe bleeding, sharp pain in the stomach and anus, pain in the neck and shoulders, pale skin, low blood pressure, and vomiting are the first and most important signs of ectopic pregnancy.
Embryo freezing is done to preserve the embryos for future IVF or ICSIs. Frozen embryo transfer (FET) consists of 5 steps, starting from ovarian stimulation and ending with thawing and transferring the embryo to the mother's womb. A FET cycle takes 6 to 8 weeks, and its success rate is near %35.
Laparoscopy is done to either find the cause of infertility or to treat the reproductive system. In this operation, the surgeon makes a small cut near the belly button and pumps carbon dioxide gas into the abdomen to have better operative space and visualization. Then, a surgical laparoscope is inserted in the abdomen to examine the organs or take samples from them. In the last step, the incisions are sutured and bandaged.