Genetics, hormonal imbalance, infection, certain medications, trauma, and other factors may cause azoospermia. This disease is diagnosed through blood tests, image scanning, biopsy, and physical examinations. Both obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia can be treated through open surgery, varicocelectomy, sperm aspiration, taking hormonal medications, and treating infection.
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Embryos are graded based on their cells' number and appearance, inner cell mass quality, trophectoderm quality, and degree of blastocyst expansion. Fertility specialists examine three or 5-day-old embryos under a microscope to grade them as excellent, good, average, and poor.
After breast augmentation, be careful of the signs of infection and hematoma, avoid strenuous activities, quit your unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking for at least a month, eat healthy and drink plenty of fluid a day, and use anti-scar gels to prevent severe scarring.
Laparoscopy is done to either find the cause of infertility or to treat the reproductive system. In this operation, the surgeon makes a small cut near the belly button and pumps carbon dioxide gas into the abdomen to have better operative space and visualization. Then, a surgical laparoscope is inserted in the abdomen to examine the organs or take samples from them. In the last step, the incisions are sutured and bandaged.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome happens when the ovaries swell and leak. Pain in the lower abdomen, bloating, rapid weight gain, and upset stomach are the main signs of OHSS. The doctor can prevent the advancement of OHSS by cutting or reducing HCG medications, prescribing low doses of gonadotropins, adding certain medicines like aspirin and cabergoline to your diet, and freezing eggs for future IVFs.
ICSI is a perfect treatment for couples whose infertility is mostly associated with sperm parameters, like low sperm count and abnormal shape of the sperm. In this method, a healthy sperm is directly injected into the center of an egg to fertilize it. The resulting embryo is then transferred into the mother's womb. The success rate of ICSI depends on several factors, but generally, it ranges between %70 and %85.
Age is an important factor in female fertility as the number and quality of eggs decrease as she ages. However, you can increase your chance of pregnancy after 35 by taking pre-pregnancy tests, improving your diet and lifestyle, exercising regularly, keeping your weight at a normal range, avoiding smoking and drinking, etc.
In open rhinoplasty, the surgeon lifts the nasal skin by making several incisions around the nostrils and under the septum. After changing the nasal bridge shape and fins, he backs the nasal skin and closes the incisions. In closed rhinoplasty, the surgeon makes an incision inside the nostrils and doesn't lift the nasal skin. An open nose job results are more prominent than a closed rhinoplasty, but it involves prolonged recovery and more scarring.
In IVF with donor sperm, the specialist fertilizes the intended mother’s egg with the sperm of a donor who has high-quality sex cells and no genetic diseases. This method is usually used when the male partner has azoospermia, an inherited disorder, or a chromosomal abnormality. The success rate of IVF with donor sperm ranges between %60% to 80, while this number is lower in IUI with sperm donors.
There are multiple treatments for infertility, including taking medications, IVF, IUI, ICSI, GIFT, and ZIFT. The period and success rate of these treatments depends on the cause of infertility and its duration. Generally, each IVF cycle takes 6-8 weeks, IUI takes four weeks, and ICSI takes 4-6 weeks.